高考英语议论文类型写作指南

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论文字数:**** 论文编号:lw20236897 日期:2023-07-16 来源:论文网

一 议论文的三要素:

论点 是作者在文章中提出的对某一个问题或某一类事件的看法、观点、主张,它要求要正确 、鲜明、有针对性。一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点。论点一般在开头提出,然后加以论证。

论据 是证明论点正确的证据,要想证明论点的正确,首先,论据必须让人觉得真实、可信, 能够充分证明论点。其次,论据要具有典型性,能收到“以一当十”的效果。第三,论据要 新颖, 尽可能寻找一些新鲜的、能给人以新的感受和启示的论据。一般是以事实为论据,也可以利用成语,格言,名人名言作为论据。

论证 是议论文中必不可少的部分。一段完整的议论,只有通过论证证明论据和论点之间的内在逻辑关系,才能将论据和论点融为一体,也才能构成一篇完整的、有说服力的文章。

二 议论文的类型:

① “一分为二”的观点。从两方面去分析一个问题,然后阐述自己的观点。

② “两者选一”的观点。分析两种事物的优劣势,阐述自己的观点。

③“我认为……”型。阐述对某一事物的客观看法。 如“你对课外阅读的看法

④“怎样……(how to)”型。分析怎样解决一个问题如“怎样克服学习中碰到的困难”

.⑤ 看图(表)作文。通过阅读图表中的数字与项目得出一个结论或形成一种看法。

一) “一分为二”观点的议论文模式

Introduction

第1段:Nowadays more and more people…/…plays an important part in… like everything else, …has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects/both advantages and disadvantages. Generally, the favorable aspects/advantages can be listed as follows.

Main body

第2段:Firstly, Secondly,…In addition/What’s more…

第3段: Every coin has two sides. The negative aspects/disadvantages are also apparent/obvious. To begin with…; To make matters worse…; Worse of all…

Conclusion

第4段: Through above analysis/All things considered, we can see that the positive aspects/advantages outweigh the negative ones/disadvantages. Therefore…

“一分为二”类作文范例

说广告(about advertisement)。

提示:有人说广告在现代社会是很重要,有人认为广告的促销成分太多,你认为……

二) “两者选一”观点的议论文模式

模式⑴:A、B两者优劣势分析,要么选A,要么选B.

Introduction

第1段:Some people hold the opinion that (A) is superior to (B) in many ways. Others, however, argue that (B) is much better. Personally, I would prefer (A) because I think (A) has more advantages.

Main body

第2段:There are many reasons why I prefer (A)。 The main reason is that … Another reason is that…(赞同A的原因)

第3段: Of course, choosing (B) also has advantages to some extent, (列出1~2个B的优势)

Conclusion

第4段: But if all these factors are considered, (A) is much better than (B)。 from what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that …(总结观点)

模式⑵: A、B优势相当,依情况而定,有条件地选择A或B.

Introduction

第1段:Which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice between (A) and (B)? Before you make the decision, you had better make a close comparison.

Main body

第2段:It is true that(选择A的优势之一)。 It is also true that(选择A的优势之二)。 But (选择A的劣势)。

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