英语论文写作必须规范好格式要求,提纲是内容写作的一部分,自然也要做到这一点。提纲在英语论文中起到的提纲契领作用是其他部分内容所不具备的,人们没有意识到这一点,因此对英语论文提纲的编写环节不够重视。一篇好的英语论文提纲不仅要规范好要求,还要做到全面缜密,将论文内容给理顺。要想达到这一效果和作用并不容易,下面笔者就来分享下英语论文提纲规范格式和有关内容要点,供大家进行参考和借鉴。
英语论文提纲格式规范
英语论文提纲包括论题句及提纲本身,其规范格式如下:先在第一行(与打印纸顶端的距离仍为2.5cm左右)的始端打上Thesis一词及冒号,空一格后再打论题句,回行时左边须与论题句的第一个字母上下对齐。主要纲目以大写罗马数字标出,次要纲目则依次用大写英文字母、阿拉伯数字和小写英文字母标出。各数字或字母后均为一句点,空出一格后再打该项内容的第一个字母;处于同一等级的纲目,其上下行左边必须对齐。需要注意的是,同等重要的纲目必须是两个以上,即:有Ⅰ应用Ⅱ,有A应用B,以此类推。如果英文论文提纲较长,需两页纸,则第二页须在右上角用小写罗马数字标出页码,即ⅱ(第一页无需标页码)。
英语论文提纲怎么编写
首先,考虑全局、确立主旨。论文的纲目必须要围绕主题来设置,如果没有确定主题,纲目也没有的汇聚的方向,会使整个论文没有中心,论述混乱。
其次,理清思路、有条不紊。拟定论文提纲不能只看纲目的排列,关键是看内在思路的延展和融会贯通,即文章先交代什么、后交代什么,要按照既定的思路有序进行确保论述不会脱离主旨。理清思路的有效方法就是分类,但是要注意在分类是要统一标准,以免因标准不同意引起混乱。
第三,确定论文格局、精炼概括。在撰写论文之前,要充分结合论文的主要内容和篇幅的长短,确定文章要分多少章、节、层,每个部分所占的比例,文章的重要部分要占有较多比例,详细叙述,文章的次要部分所占比例要小一些,简略叙述,做到突出主题、详略得当。
英语论文提纲编写步骤:
1.提纲写作需要先拟定论文标题;
2.根据论文题目写出总论点;
3.结合总论点考虑全篇的整体布局;
论文的整体布局需要充分考虑总论点的叙述顺序,这是论文写作的整体框架。
4.确定论文的整体布局后再逐步考虑总论点下面的分论点,直至确定论点句;
5.结合段落部署,把相关材料组合起来,以便写作过程中的随用随取;
6.进行全面的检查,对于不必要的内容进行不必要的删减;
英语论文提纲编写要点:
有哪些编写方法
1 标题式写法
用简洁的文字凝练出标题,并将这部分内容概括出来。这种写法的好处是简洁明了,一目了然,但是这种方法存在一定的缺陷,作者本人对此非常了解熟悉,但是外人乍看没有眉目,因此,在毕业论文的提纲写作中,很少使用这种方法。
2 句子式写法
就是用表述完整通畅的句子将所要描述出来的内容进行概括,这种写法更为具体,更为明确,自己了解的同时也能让外人看得懂。因为毕业论文不是针对个人,因此在毕业论文提纲的写作中得到广泛应用。
如何进行修改推敲
英语论文提纲写好后,需要进行推敲和修改,修改的过程中需要注意以下几点:
1 题目是否合适;
题目是一篇文章的精华所在,其重要性不容忽视,不合适的论文题目会对接下来的论文写作带来阻碍。
2 结构是否合理;
合理的结构需要点明主题的基础上围绕主题进行拓展延伸,划分层次和段落,提高文章的逻辑性,检查过渡是否自然,然后进行全局性的把控。
3 层次是否完善;
提纲的层次必须完善,每个层次必须保证清晰,总论点应该重点突出,序论和结论部分应该简明扼要。本论是全文的重点,是需要集中精力写的一部分,因此,提纲应该罗列地详细一点,层层深入,体现总论和分论的巧妙融合。
英语论文提纲范文
摘要:The thesis statement should be as specific as possible. By writing a specific thesis statement, you focus on your subject and give yourself and your reader a clearer idea of what will follow in the body of the essay.
your plan, and later in your essay, follow a logical order. The rule for writing is this: use your common sense and plan ahead. Do not leave the order of your paragraphs to chance.
How many types of order can be used in thesis writing?
What are they?
Ordering the Paragraphs within the Essay
The types of order often used in single paragraphs— time order, space order, and order of climax— can sometimes be used to arrange paragraphs within an essay. Essays about subjects that can be broken into stages, with each step discussed in one paragraph, should be arranged according to time. Space order is used occasionally in descriptive essays. A writer who wishes to save the most important or convincing paragraph for last would use order of climax. Or he or she might wish to reverse this order and put the most important paragraph first.
Very often, however, the writer simply arranges paragraphs in whatever order makes sense in that particular essay.
Expanding the One-paragraph Plan
An essay is like an expanded paragraph.For this reason, any plan for developing a paragraph can also be used to develop an entire essay. It is up to the careful writer to choose the pattern that is best suited to his or her purpose and to the kind of essay required.
Linking Paragraphs within the Body
Just as the sentence within a paragraph should flow smoothly, so the paragraphs within an essay should be clearly linked one to the next. As you write your essay, do not make illogical jumps from one paragraph to another. Instead, guide your reader. Link the first sentence of each new paragraph to the thesis statement or to the paragraph before.
Here are four ways to link paragraphs:
Linking Paragraphs within the Body
Repeat key words or ideas from the thesis statement.
Refer to words or ideas from preceding paragraph. Link the first sentence of a new paragraph to the paragraph before, especially by referring to words or ideas near the end of that paragraph.
Use transitional expressions
Use transitional sentences
Use all four methods of linking paragraphs as you write your essay.
Checklist
Narrow the topic to one that you can discuss fully and well in an essay.
Write a clear statement.
Brainstorm ideas to support your statement.
Choose some main ideas to support the thesis statement.
Write a topic sentence that expresses each idea.
Decide on a logical order in which to present the paragraphs in the body.
Plan the body of each paragraph, using paragraph development.
Write the first draft of your essay, linking paragraphs clearly to each other.
Check for unity, logic, and coherence; revise and rewrite as necessary.
Proofread for errors in grammar, sentence, structure, spelling, and mechanics.
Three Types of Common Errors:
Language/Ideas/Format
Consideration: How many kinds of specific errors you are likely to make in your writing? How to avoid them?
对于不是英语专业的学生来说,要想完成好英语论文,首先要过的就是语法关。这点需要大家日常进行练习才能得以提高。本文主要讲的是英语论文提纲的编写步骤和要点,以及格式规范,再附上一篇范文让大家加深理解。希望能够提供一定的指导作用,每一个人都能编写出令人满意的英语论文提纲。