本文是一篇英语论文，本文为了深入了解这些摘要的体裁特征，研究人员从宏观和微观两个角度对语料库中的摘要进行了分析。一方面，从宏观角度研究了摘要的移动结构，包括对移动结构的探索和比较分析，另一方面，从微观角度研究了摘要的时态、语态和第一人称代词的语言学特征，考察了它们在不同动作下的交际功能和交际目的。
Chapter One Literature Review
1.1 Introduction of Abstract
To keep up with the mass production of professional literature published in science,scientists have to rely more and more on abstracts as a short,concise,complete,andaccurate source of information(Meyer,1990).As an epitome of the study,abstract is abridge to communicate the essence of the scholarship and is the easiest and mostconvenient way to present the study.An introduction and review of the abstract can helpreaders understand this study better.
英语论文参考
1.1.1 Definitions of Abstract
Up to now,scholars have not fully agreed on the definitions of the abstract,anddifferent scholars have put forward their own views on the definitions of the abstract.In adescriptive analysis of the abstract,Swales(1990)argued that abstract was the“condensedgenre”of papers and could accurately summarize the main content of the entire paper.Inshort,abstract is an indicator of the content and structure of the text,a brief summary of alonger piece of scholarly research.Bhatia(1993)argued that,in general,abstract was adescription and summary of a longer discourse as a way to provide the readers withaccurate and concise information about the full discourse.Hyland(2005)argued thatabstract was only a selective presentation of the content of the whole text,rather than acomprehensive presentation.The Rules for Abstracts and Abstracting(GB6447-86,1986)defined the abstract as a short text that provided a concise and precise account of thecontents of a document without commentary or additional explanation.Based on the abovedefinition,it can be found that the abstract is mainly used as a time-saving instrument toinform readers of the main content of the article and to let the readers decide whetherhe/she need to read the full content further.
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1.2 Previous Studies on Genre Analysis of Abstract
With the development of linguistics,more and more scholars are aware of thesignificance of studying specific parts of a thesis in addition to the thesis as a whole.Abstract,as a summary of the content of the thesis,has the function of guiding readers andfacilitating search and access(Liu Hui,2013).It is an important part of the thesis.Previousstudies on the abstract have mainly dealt with abstract translation,metadiscourse analysis,abstract information retrieval,genre analysis,and so on.Among them,the choice of thegenre of abstract reflects the discourse structure of certain communities and thecommunicative purpose of the discourse,which is conducive to deepening the readers’deep understanding of the abstract(Cao Zhongqin,2017).In addition,the abstract forgenre analysis research is a good aid in teaching academic writing.Therefore,this thesisfocused on the genre analysis of abstracts as a research focus.Research on the genre of thethesis abstract had been conducted by domestic and foreign scholars from variousperspectives,including cross-linguistic,cross-disciplinary,and cross-cultural perspectives.In this section,the researcher introduced and reviewed the genre studies of domestic andforeign scholars,as well as pointed out their strengths and limitations of the researches.
1.2.1 Previous Studies Abroad
Since the publication of Swales’Aspects of Article Introduction(1981),the systematicstudy of genre analysis had been inaugurated.
Previous studies abroad on thesis abstract had focused on the structure of abstract,while some studies had also explored the linguistic features of abstract or linked linguisticrealization to the different moves of the abstract(Jin,2018).For example,Meyer(1990)used medical English abstracts as the subject of his study and conducted a detailed analysisof linguistic features of 77 medical English abstracts,concluding that there was a closerelationship between the tenses used in the abstracts and the communicative functions theyhad achieved.The strength of the study lied in the fact that the authors considered threetext types,including research papers,case reports,and reviews,and the results of the studyclearly revealed the characteristics and differences between the three types of abstracts.However,since earlier studies had difficulty in counting a large number of abstracts due tothe limitations of the research instrument,only 77 abstracts were used as a corpus inMeyer’s study,which might have biased the research data to some extent.In addition,Meyer(1992)focused on the distribution of modal verbs and tenses in different moves ofmedical abstracts.In addition to a move structural analysis of the abstracts,he conducted aChi-square test of the findings,concluding that medical text types had a direct effect on theuse of modal verbs and tenses,whereas other study types did not.This study is anenrichment and complement to the genre analysis of the abstract.
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Chapter Two Theoretical Framework andMethodology
2.1 Theoretical Framework
Genre analysis belongs to the category of discourse analysis(Tessuto,2015).Becausetraditional linguistic research tends to focus on linguistic units below the level of text.Genre studies have a late start(Karimnia,2019).It was not until the 1960s,with the rise oftext linguistics and functional linguistics,that language researchers were no longersatisfied with purely linguistic-level analysis and began to turn their attention to the genreanalysis of discourse(Shan Chaoqun,2011).As stylists and linguists continued to studygenre theory,the concepts related to genre have been enriched,and different schools ofgenre have developed different theoretical perspectives based on different directions.Given that this study is based on genre analysis theory for thesis abstracts,the researcherattempted to introduce and review the concepts related to genre,its development history,and genre analysis theory.
2.1.1 Definition of Genre
The word“genre”is a French word that is derived from the Latin word“genus”(WuJianguo&Chen Congying,2018).The study of genre has a short history,but in the courseof its theoretical development,the connotation and theory of genre have been enriched anddeveloped(Behnam&Golpour,2014).The concept of genre can be traced back to theancient Greek period when Aristotle(1961)in his work Poetics,proposed a rule forclassifying literary genres into poetry,novel,and drama(Kinneavy,1971).Genre is one ofthe basic elements that constitute the identity of a discourse and has a constraining effecton its structural dimension and organization(Chen Jing&Yu Xueling&Shi Zhixiang,2019).
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2.2 Methodology
Methodology is an important part of academic study.Starting from two currentresearch questions,this section presents detailed statistics and analysis of abstract structureand linguistic features through a corpus consisting of thesis abstracts of master’s theses byChinese and American graduate students.
2.2.1 Research Questions
Using the theory of genre analysis,this thesis examines the English abstracts ofmaster’s theses by Chinese and American graduate students in English linguistics major intwo main areas:move structure and linguistic features.The study is devoted tounderstanding the following research questions.
On the macro-level,what are the move structural features as well as the similaritiesand differences between the English abstracts of master’s theses by Chinese and Americangraduate students in English linguistics major?
On the micro-level,how are the particular linguistic features(e.g.tenses,voices,first-person pronouns)distribute in the two corpora of the English abstracts of master’stheses by Chinese and American graduate students in English linguistics major?
英语论文怎么写
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Chapter Three Genre Analysis and Discussion.....................................28
3.1 Macro Analysis and Discussion of Move Structural Features in the Abstracts.............28
3.1.1 Move Structure in the Abstracts......................................28
3.1.2 Move Quantity of Structure in the Abstracts.........................33
Chapter Four Findings and Implications............................................53
4.1 Findings of Genre Analysis of the Abstracts...............................53
4.2 Limitations of the Research.......................................55
4.3 Implications..............................55
Conclusion..................................58
Chapter Four Findings and Implications
4.1 Findings of Genre Analysis of the Abstracts
As an important medium for international academic communication,the Englishabstracts have a research value that cannot be ignored.Based on the discourse of abstract,this study conducts a comparative genre analysis of the thesis abstracts by Chinese andAmerican graduate students in English linguistics major,aiming to reveal the differences inthe genre structure and linguistic features of the abstracts,and then analyze the reasons fortheir similarities and differences,and deeply investigate their academic and culturaldifferences.This helps Chinese graduate students in English linguistics major to writesatisfactory English abstracts so that their research results can be presented in a morestandardized form in international academic communication.The following are some ofthe findings of the study.
(1)Macroscopically,regarding the genre structure of the abstracts,most Chinese andAmerican graduate students in English linguistics major have a good grasp of the logic ofwriting English abstracts,but Chinese graduate students have more detailed moves in theirthesis abstracts,while American graduate students are a bit more casual in their use of s intheir abstracts.
By conducting a move analysis of the thesis abstracts by Chinese and Americangraduate students in English linguistics major in the two corpora,the researcher finds thatChinese graduate students pay more attention to the macro-structure of their Englishabstracts in order to avoid the influence of first language negative transfer,and they tend touse more moves to make the abstracts more comprehensive,which reflects thecomprehensive nature of Chinese students’thinking;while most American graduatestudents do not consider the comprehensiveness of the macro-structure of their abstracts,they pay more attention to rationality and logic,and grasp the essence,so they only expressthe key content of their theses in their abstracts.
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Conclusion
The purpose of the thesis is to analyze the abstracts by establishing two corpora CCand AC containing 100 abstracts of master’s theses respectively by Chinese and Americangraduate students in English linguistics major.These theses are sourced from twoauthoritative websites,CNKI in China and Proquest in America,aiming to ensure theauthority of the research materials.
In order to gain insight into the genre characteristics of these abstracts,the researcheranalyzed the abstracts in the corpora from both macro and micro perspectives.On the onehand,the move structure of the abstracts was studied from a macro perspective,includingthe exploration and comparative analysis of the move structure,move quantity of structure,move order,and frequency of each move of the abstracts.On the other hand,the linguisticfeatures of tenses,voices and first-person pronouns of the abstracts were studied from themicro perspective,and their communicative functions and communicative purposes indifferent moves were examined.
In this study,a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods was used.The identification of moves was performed entirely by manual work,and the statistics oftenses,voices and first-person pronouns were used in a combination of AntConc softwareand manual work.Although there was some subjective influence in this process,the use ofcomputer software also increased the accuracy of the qualitative study.An overview of theresearch in this thesis was summarized as follows:
At the macro level,based on the disciplinary and cross-cultural characteristics of thisstudy,the researcher used Swales’I-M-R-D move model and Mayer’s six-move model asthe theoretical basis and combines them into the I-P-M-R-D-Re model as a theoreticalmodel to investigate the move structure of the abstracts,and to collect data and drawconclusions by identifying moves.The results showed that both Chinese and Americangraduate students in English linguistics major were able to grasp the macro structure ofEnglish abstracts,but Chinese graduate students wrote abstracts with a morecomprehensive move structure.Chinese and American graduate students performed almostthe same in move order.
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