英国论文格式范文大全-英国航空公司的影响。本文是一篇英国留学生论文格式范文，主要内容是通过介绍英国航空公司的相关内容，已经针对英国航空公司和西班牙伊比利亚航空公司和合并案进行分析研究，并运用SWOT分析来研究合并后的结果。是一篇完整的英国论文格式范文，如果您正在面临英国留学生论文写作问题，可以参考此范文，希望对您有所帮助。
英国论文格式范文大全
Introduction 简介
英国航空公司（British Airways）老板威利•沃尔什（Willie Walsh）曾表示，与伊比利亚航空公司（Iberia）的合并计划“对英国航空公司、我们的客户和股东来说都是一个好消息”英国航空公司是英国的旗舰航空公司。英国航空公司已经成为英国最大的航空公司，拥有225架飞机，服务于全球150多个目的地。伊比利亚是西班牙的国旗载体。伊比利亚航空公司在120多个目的地运营，拥有183架飞机。合并背后的原因是，在订票、广泛的共享代码网络、地勤人员和休息室服务方面，这两家航空公司都受益匪浅。这种类型的合并与法航荷航是一样的，这对两家航空公司都有利，而且已经证明是成功的。这种合并可以归类为“横向一体化”，即两个组织在同一生产水平上联合起来。英航和英博的合并将使它们成为仅次于法航荷航和达美西北航空的世界第三大航空公司。
我将看看合并对利益相关者、股东、员工和客户的影响，看看合并对两家航空公司有何好处。我将构建一个SWOT分析来寻找这个调查的答案，同时也将使用规模经济和协同概念来分析合并后的结果。
通过使用我的所有数据，我们可以尝试回答以下问题：“BA/IB合并将对利益相关者产生什么影响？”
British Airways (BA) boss Willie Walsh has said the planned merger with Iberia is “great news for British Airways, our customers and our shareholders”[1] British Airways is a flag carrier of the UK. British Airways has become the largest airline in the UK with 225 aircrafts serving over 150 destinations worldwide[2]. Iberia is a national flag carrier of Spain. Iberia operates in more than 120 destinations with 183 aircrafts[3]. The reason behind the merger is that it is benefiting both airlines in terms of booking, extensive share-code network, ground staff, and lounge service. This type of merger is the same as Air France-KLM[4] which benefits both airlines and has proven to be successful. This merger can be classified as ‘Horizontal integration’ where two organisations join in the same level of production. The merger of BA and IB will make them the 3rd biggest airlines in the world behind Air France-KLM and Delta-Northwest.
I am going to look at the impact of the merger on the stakeholders, the shareholders, the staff and the customer, to see how merging benefits both of the airlines. I will construct a SWOT analysis to find the answers to this investigation but also using economies of scale and the concept of synergy to analyse what is happening as a result of the merger.
From using all of my data we can attempt to answer the following question: “What will be the impact of a BA/IB merger be on stakeholders?”
Findings 调查结果
这家新公司将45%分给伊比利亚航空公司，55%分给英国航空公司，总部位于西班牙马德里。正如我前面提到的，这意味着两家航空公司都将从整体业务中受益，这是一种将红色数字变成黑色数字并与廉价航空公司竞争的方式。
这将使两家航空公司进入共享的世界，从而实现所有东西的共享，例如地勤人员、维修和办公室。这为乘客提供了灵活性并节省了成本。尽管这对两家航空公司都有好处，但由于合并的结果，失业一直是一个主要问题。像伊比利亚航空公司这样的英国航空公司已经裁减了数千名员工，因为合并意味着不需要那么多人就业。这些担忧可能会导致员工出现问题，例如缺乏动力、工作时间过长以及其他担忧。
两家航空公司之间的合并带来了许多好处，包括规模经济、国际竞争、更大的投资和更高的效率。规模经济的目的是随着组织规模的增长或组织所在行业的增长，降低平均成本或单位成本，和/或集中在地理区域。主要的规模经济是技术经济，单位平均价格下降是因为它们不需要因合并而重复，随着公司在伦敦办事处合并业务，行政部门的一些成本降低。这将使航空公司有机会建立一个跨大西洋的合资企业，在这个企业中，营销、机票销售和运营可以有效地与美国航空公司合并。这是形成代码共享的一大步。协同效应是“整体大于单个部分之和”的概念。这意味着，英国航空公司和伊比利亚航空公司将是一个更大的力量。
The new company will be split 45% to Iberia and 55% to British Airways and will be based in Madrid, Spain[5]. As I mentioned earlier, this means that both of airlines will benefit in terms of overall business and it is a way to help each other to turn red figures into black figures and to compete with budget airlines. (not very important)
This will bring both airlines into the world of sharing which results in everything being shared e.g. ground staff, maintenance, and offices. this allows flexibility for passengers and cost saving. Despite it being a good benefit of both airlines, job losses have been a major concern from the result of merger. British Airways have cut thousands from its workforce like Iberia because the merger has meant that not as many people need to be employed[6]. These concerns may lead to a problem in the workforce for example a lack of motivation, working too many hours as well as other concerns. (you mentioned in analysis and discussion already)
Mergers between two airlines provide many benefits including economies of scale, International competition, greater investment and greater efficiency.[7] The purpose of Economies of scale is to reduce the average or unit costs as an organization grows in size (internal), or as the industry in which an organization operates grows, and/or concentrates in a geographical area (external)[8]. The main economy of scale is technical economies where the average price per unit falls due to the fact that they don’t need to duplicate things as a result of the merger, with a number of costs decreasing in the administrative section as the firm merge operations in a London based office. This will give the airlines the go ahead for a joint transatlantic venture in which marketing, ticket sales and operations can effectively[9] be merged with American Airlines. It is a big step along the way to form code sharing. Synergy is the concept of “The whole is greater than the sum of the inpidual parts”[10]. This means that British Airways and Iberia will be a greater force together than they would be separately.
The new company is likely to be based in Spain, where costs for both labour and land are likely to be cheaper than in the UK. There will still be some offices based in London, looking after the financial and administration side of the business. ( I think you don’t need to include this)
英国论文格式范文大全
Analysis of findings 调查结果分析
After analyzing the SWOT[11], we can see the merger has enabled both companies to expand their worldwide opportunities and it potentially removes the overcrowding issues at Heathrow and Gatwick airports although terminal 5 has already helped solve this problem. For Iberia there are also many benefits from the merger for example, they are able to reduce their costs, improve their brand image, increase their network and fulfill the opportunity of a strategic alliance. The threat of bankruptcy has become even more problematic for Iberia with the global increase in fuel prices and the growth of budget airlines. This shows how the merger of British Airways and Iberia has helped them to eliminate their weaknesses and exploit certain opportunities.
The merger can help BA overcomes their main weakness “Britishness” as having a strong British identity can be resented by some European customers and being associated with Iberia may will attractive them. For Iberia, having the merger with BA can mean gaining access to their routes and increasing its market share as Iberia used to have a very limited network.
The advantages of this merger are its economies of scale. As we know BA is the largest airline in UK and has its main hub at Heathrow Airport, the world’s busiest airport and many other airports e.g. Gatwick, Manchester and Newcastle. Therefore, it has significant fixed costs so both would have lower average costs if they merged. As they share the company they can buy necessary accessories due to bulk buying, this will reduce costs. There will be better rate for large companies in financial areas and also organizational problems will be much easier to solve due to having one head office rather than two.
Moreover, they will be in a better position to deal with the threat of multinational companies and compete on an international scale but also the merger attracts investors in the company because the firm will generate more profits than a single company. [12]
If the merger leads to an increase in market share, either in local or national markets then this could lead to a monopoly, which is a firm with 25% of the market – (btw this is an disadvantage so you might want to rephrase this paragrapgh.)[13]. With a significant cut in costs, this could either benefit the customers, if these were passed on in the form of a reduction in price or shareholders, if the efficiency gains were paid in the form of a pidend.
Willie Wash (The Chairman at BA) says that the merger will be ‘good for passengers’.[14] This may not be the case – strike action already threatened over the Christmas 2009 and although it was about the unrelated subject of pensions, this does show that trade unions are prepared to take action.[15]
The biggest impact overall will be the job losses[16]. Both of the airlines may need to make some workers redundant, especially at management levels. Reducing the number of workers would have an effect on their motivation and loyalty. In fact, thousands of workers are under threat due to the merger proposal. Iberia has already started it plans to reduce its costs by introducing a higher freeze until 2012 and early retirement for over 55 cabin crews, and 14,000 crew members are up for strike at BA. As they are two airlines from two different countries, clashes of culture between BA and Iberia can occur that is reducing the effectiveness of the integration. This could result in diseconomies of scale which could potentially cost each company.
Unfortunately there are many issues in the Spanish workforce. Spain has the highest unemployment rate in Europe, which once went over 20%. Youth unemployment was particularly high. The under-25 age group accounted for nearly 55 percent of all unemployment, a factor that contributed to street crime. Like I said, there is going to be a great number of job losses from the merger of BA and Iberia. This makes the Spanish workforce situation worse and increases the unemployment rate. Unite is the biggest trade union in UK and it fights for the employees in the workplace, they are powerful because they can organize strikes which can disrupt the airlines, this is a similar story in Spain, who also have strong union representation.
One of the biggest potential problems of such a merger is potential culture clashes and also coordination problems. This could result in diseconomies of scale which could potentially cost each company. This once again could be a problem for the staff. (I copied some and put it sentence above)
Conclusion 结论
The merger affects the main groups of stakeholders such as managers, shareholders, workers and customers. The merger between these two airlines can benefit the shareholders as the new business will be able to make significant cost savings or enhanced revenue opportunities because of its more powerful position in the market. The benefits to the customers are that common passenger terminal will be used there will also be more options for customers as passengers can book legs of a flight on different airlines using one ticket. This merger is a good thing for the companies as it helps to reduce cost and this is important because there is increased competition from budget airlines such as easy jet and Ryan air. Looking at the articles, it would appear that the merger offers plenty of opportunities, particularly in the long run. In the short run however, there could be potential problems with the transition, not least the potential for strike action, which may effect the reputation of both companies.
Appendices 附录
A SWOT analysis of British Airways
Strengths
Strong brand image
Low-cost provider
International network
Weaknesses
British identity
Overcrowding at hub airports (Heathrow, Gatwick)
Opportunities
Expand into new EU markets
Take over weaker European airlines
Threats
Consumer resistance to brand name in new markets
A SWOT analysis of Iberia
Strengths
Strong regional identity
Weaknesses
Poor brand image
High-cost provider
Limited network
Opportunities
Strategic alliance with other EU airline
Threats
Takeover by major competitor
Bankruptcy
BBC News. BA merger ‘good for passengers’.
British Airways – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Iberia (airline) – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Implications of Iberia’s merger with British Airways | Business | The Guardian.
BBC News. BA merger ‘good for passengers’.
Massey R & West K. (2009) BA-Iberia merger to cost thousands of jobs.
Wolinski, J & Coates, G. A2 Business Studies. Malaysia: Philip Allan, 2005.
ABTN . Feature: BA-Iberia merger.
Richardson & Associates, Landscape Architects: The sum is greater than the parts.
SWOT Analysis, attached in appendices
Economics Help. Benefits of Mergers.
Economics Help. Disadvantages of Mergers.
BBC News. BA merger ‘good for passengers’.
Milmo, D. Union greets BA-Iberia merger with tough talk on Christmas strike.
英国论文范文总结到合并影响到主要的利益相关者群体，如经理、股东、工人和客户。这两家航空公司的合并可以使股东受益，因为新业务将能够显著节省成本或增加收入机会，英国论文范文中给出的理由是因为它在市场上的地位更为强大。对客户的好处是，将使用公共客运站。客户也将有更多的选择，因为乘客可以使用一张机票在不同的航空公司预订航班的航段。英国论文还提到合并对两家公司来说是一件好事，因为它有助于降低成本，这一点很重要，因为易捷航空（easyjet）和瑞安航空（Ryan air）等廉价航空公司的竞争日益激烈。从这些英国论文参考来看，合并似乎提供了很多机会，特别是从长远来看。然而，在短期内，过渡可能存在潜在问题，尤其是罢工行动的可能性，这可能会影响两家公司的声誉。本站提供多国留学生论文写作指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。