Dissertatio写作要求中并不是所有的论文都需要一个论文方法部分，所以你应该向你的导师或课程手册核实你的专业论文是否需要这部分内容。通常，Methodology部分占Dissertation的10%至15%。一般来说，法律、政治和历史等学科的本科学位论文不需要方法论部分（因为此类论文往往侧重于对现有数据的重新解释），而涉及收集新数据（例如通过访谈或实验）的Dissertation，确实需要明确的方法学部分（例如，在风险管理、商业或化学方面）。在没有Methodology章节的Dissertation中，发布的字数被划分在其他章节中。
Dissertation范文
The Methodology Chapter of the Dissertation 论文的方法论章节
Not all dissertations require a dissertation methodology section and so you should check with your supervisor and/or course handbook as to whether your inpidual department expects one to be included. Customarily, the methodology section will comprise ten to fifteen per cent of the dissertation. As a general rule, undergraduate dissertations in subjects such as law, politics and history do not require methodology sections (as such dissertations tend to be focused on the reinterpretation of existing data) whereas dissertations that involve the collection of new data, via interviews or experiments, for example, do require explicit methodology sections (for instance, in risk management, business, or chemistry). In dissertations that do not feature a methodology chapter, the word count released is pided among the other sections.
有两种主要的研究类型和三种主要的研究分析类型。这些分别是初级和次级研究，以及定量、定性和混合研究分析方法。
There are two main research types and three main types of research analysis. These are, respectively, primary and secondary research, and quantitative, qualitative, and mixed research analysis methods.
主要研究涉及收集主要（新）数据，或在历史上使用参与者在该期间研究事件时编写的资料。作为研究的一部分，您进行的问卷调查将是主要研究，亨利八世撰写的信函也将是主要来源。
Primary research relates to the collection of primary (new) data or the use, in history, of sources written at the time of the event you are studying by actors within that period. A questionnaire that you conduct as part of your research would be primary research and a letter written by Henry VIII would also be a primary source.
二次研究是指已经发表的数据，以及对该数据的重新检查和在研究中的进一步利用。重复使用已经发表的问卷和结果将是二次研究，正如解释亨利八世的上述信件的书也将是二次来源一样。
Secondary research refers to data that has already been published and the re-examination of that data and further utilisation of it within your study. The reusing of a questionnaire and the results that have already been published would be secondary research in the same way that a book explaining the aforementioned letter by Henry VIII would also be a secondary source.
定量研究只对正在调查的特定问题产生结果，并使用统计、数学和计算程序。如果研究人员仅计算结果并就给出具体答案的受访者的百分比发表一系列评论，则将使用定量研究对封闭式问卷进行分析。分析定量研究的常用程序是SPSS。
Quantitative research only produces results on the specific issue that is being investigated and uses statistical, mathematical, and computational programmes. A closed-ended questionnaire would be analysed using quantitative research if the researcher merely computed the results and produced a series of comments as to the percentages of respondents who gave specific answers. A common programme by which to analyse quantitative research is SPSS.
定性研究往往更多地应用于社会科学和艺术领域，研究人员试图通过经验数学模型询问“为什么”和“如何”发生了什么，并解释原因。在使用定性研究的初级研究中，通常可以使用小型焦点小组。对一系列口头回答进行整理和评估的开放式问卷将使用定性技术进行分析，因为给出的答案不适合按照上述与封闭式问卷相关的方式进行处理。
Qualitative research tends to be used more in the social sciences and the arts and is when a researcher seeks to ask ‘why’ and ‘how’ something has happened and explains the reasons with recourse to empirical mathematical models. Within primary research that uses qualitative research, small focus groups can often be employed. An open-ended questionnaire that collates and assesses a range of verbal responses would be analysed using qualitative techniques as the answers given do not lend themselves to being processed in the manner described above relating to closed questionnaires.
混合方法以上述每种或所有技术的各个方面为特征。例如，在一篇正在评估威拉尔半岛洪水影响的论文中，很可能会使用上述所有研究技术。二级数据将通过文献审查使用，封闭式问卷可通过统计小组进行分析，专家访谈将参考现有文献进行评论。因此，将利用初级和次级研究技术以及定性和定量机制。
A mixed methodology features aspects of each or all of the above techniques. In a dissertation where one is assessing, for instance, the effects of flooding in the Wirral peninsula, it is likely that all the research techniques mentioned above would be used. Secondary data would be used through a literature review, closed-ended questionnaires could be analysed using a statistical panel and interviews with experts would be commented upon with reference to existing literature. Accordingly, both primary and secondary research techniques would be utilised as well as qualitative and quantitative mechanisms.
Dissertation Methodology Examples 论文方法论实例
您使用哪种方法取决于主题和收集原始数据的方式。显然，如果你的论文主要是对现有数据的回顾，那么你的方法论将以二手数据为中心。相反，如果你正在为时尚营销学士接受关于时尚问题的街头采访，你将更多地参与收集原始数据，然后需要决定是通过定性或定量方法分析数据，还是采用混合方法分析数据。强烈建议您进一步阅读研究方法。
Which approach you use depends upon the subject matter and the means by which primary data will be collected. Clearly, if your dissertation is primarily a review of existing data then your methodology will be centred upon secondary data. Conversely, if you are undertaking street interviews on issues of fashion for a BA in Fashion Marketing, you will be more involved in collecting primary data and will then need to decide whether you analyse your data through qualitative or quantitative methods, or a mixed-method approach. It is strongly recommended that you undertake further reading on methods of research.
方法论部分将解释您选择采用所用方法的原因。在这样做的过程中，您还应该注意到其他方法的不适当之处，以及您克服与您的方法相关的任何负面因素的方法。因此，例如，在进行面试时，你可能会注意到你使用了一些“封闭式问题”，以便尽量减少面试官的个人偏见。
The methodology section will explain why you have chosen to adopt the approach you are using. In so doing, you should also note (briefly) what is inappropriate about the other approaches as well as the ways in which you have overcome any negatives that are associated with your approach. Thus, for instance, you might, if conducting interviews, note that you have used some ‘closed questions’ so that the personal bias of the interviewer (you) is minimised.
Whichever approach you use it is important that you justify your decision and that you do so via reference to existing academic works – and writing only in the third person. As with the background section of your dissertation, your methodology section needs to be grounded in existing academic opinion. The following books provide not only an overview of methodological approaches (and the strengths and weaknesses associated with each) but are also the sorts of books that your lecturers may expect to see referenced within your methodology section, depending on the type of course you are doing.
References
Denscombe, M. (2010). The good research guide (4th edn). Maidenhead: Open University Press.
Bryman, A. (2015). Social research methods (5th edn). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Bell, J. (2014). Doing your research project (6thedn). Maidenhead: Open University Press.
Flick, U. (2015). Introducing research methodology (2ndedn). London: SAGE.
Ritchie, J. and Lewis, L. (2013). Qualitative research practice: A guide for social science students and researchers (2ndedn). London: SAGE.
Robson, C. (2016). Real world research (4th edn). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Silverman, D. (2017). Doing qualitative research: A practical handbook (5th edn). London: SAGE.
Dissertation的写作过程中无论你使用哪种方法，重要的是你要证明你的决定是正确的，并且你要通过参考现有的学术著作来证明你的决定是正确的——并且只能用第三人称写作。与你Dissertation的背景部分一样，你的方法论部分需要以现有的学术观点为基础。书籍不仅提供了方法论方法的概述（以及与之相关的优势和劣势），而且也是讲师希望在方法论部分看到的参考书籍种类，具体取决于您正在学习的课程类型。本站提供各国各专业Dissertation写作指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。