Abstract摘要
随着社会经济的发展，城市居民出行需求急剧增长，网络约车作为一种新的出行方式，经过五年的发展，一定程度上影响了居民的出行结构，有效地缓解了“坐出租车难”的问题，同时也缓解了传统出行方式的不足。NAL邮轮出租车和公交系统造成了一定的影响。为了更好地预测和解释旅客选择网上叫车服务的意愿，有必要对旅客的网上订车行为进行深入分析，尤其是不可量化因素对旅客选择行为的影响。研究表明，感知可靠性、感知便利性、感知成本、感知舒适性和感知安全性五个潜在变量对旅行者的选择意愿有不同程度的影响，其中感知可靠性对选择意愿的影响最大。提升意图。通过对旅客选择网络打车意向的关键因素的研究，为后续不同场景的出行方式选择属性设置提供参考。
With the development of social economy, urban residents travel demand sharp growth, net about car as a new way to travel, after five years of development, a certain degree of influence on residents' travel structure, effectively alleviate the problem of "difficult to take a taxi", also the traditional cruise taxi and bus system caused a certain impact. In order to better predict and explain the willingness of travelers to choose online ride-hailing services, it is necessary to conduct an in-depth analysis of travelers' online car-booking behaviors, especially the impact of unquantifiable factors on travelers' choice behaviors. The research shows that five latent variables, namely, perceived reliability, perceived convenience, perceived cost, perceived comfort and perceived safety, have different degrees of influence on the traveler's choice intention, among which, perceived reliability has the greatest influence on the choice intention. The research on the key factors of the intention to choose the online ride-hailing vehicles by the traveler provides reference for the attribute setting of the choice of travel mode in the following different scenes.
Table of contents
Abstract 3
1.0 The introduction 4
2.0 Literature Review 7
2.1 Shared economy 7
2.2 Trust theory 12
2.2.1 Traditional trust theory 12
2.2 Trust in Shared economies 15
2.3 Research model based on institutional trust 18
3.0 Research method 22
3.1 Sampling 25
3.2 Questionnaires 26
3.2.1 Model - based questionnaire design 26
1.0 The introduction引言
本研究旨在透过调查找出影响顾客选择网上叫车及打车的因素。市场主体由供需双方组成（桂林等，2017）。共享出租车市场的主要供应商是司机，主要需求主体是出租车乘客。随着共享平台的出现，大量私家车车主加入滴滴等平台，与原有出租车司机共同形成共享出租车市场供应主体。私家车共享的出现，打破了政府对出租车市场的控制，有效地使相关限制性政策失效，形成了与政府的对抗。共享型出租车市场存在信任机制不完善、安全责任不明确等各种问题，如政府对市场的政策和监管，将对其发展起决定性作用（Malhotra&van Alstyne，2014）。在共享车兴起之初，为了维护利益格局和出租车市场的稳定，大部分地方政府都对共享车的禁运政策，如禁止汽车运营、罚款等进行了分享，但是，对资源的有效利用还是有必要的。RCES、绿色环保理念共享车是随着新时期的发展而出现的要求，在历史性的时刻，共享车不仅得到广大客户的支持，同时也可以帮助政府促进经济发展（Drut，2015）。政府对专用车共享的态度，从一开始的严厉打击，逐步规范化、加强监管，最终走向了个人车的合法化。汽车共享平台对于驾驶员和乘客的评价机制、动态定价机制、移动支付等，都会影响需求方（乘客）和供应商（驾驶员）的最佳匹配，以实现双方利益最大化，促进类型共享的发展。
This research aims to find out the factors that affected the customers' choice of online car-hailing and taxi by the investigation. The main body of the market consists of the supplier and the demander (Guiliang et.,al,2017). The main supplier of the Shared taxi market is the driver, and the main demand subject is the passenger of the taxi. With the emergence of the sharing platform, a large number of private car owners have joined Didi and other platforms, forming the sharing taxi market supply main body together with the original taxi drivers. The emergence of the sharing of private cars broke the government's control over the taxi market, effectively invalidated the relevant restrictive policies and formed a confrontation with the government. The sharing type taxi market there is a trust mechanism imperfect, safety responsibility not clear all sorts of problems, such as government policy to the market and regulation, will play a decisive role for its development (Malhotra & Van Alstyne, 2014). At the beginning of the rise in the Shared car, to maintain the stability of both the pattern of interests and taxi market, most of the local government to share the car's crackdown on policy, such as banning car operation, fines for car drivers, etc. However, has the efficient utilization of resources, green environmental protection idea sharing car is with the development of new period requirement arises at the historic moment, Shared car not only get the support of the broad masses of customers but at the same time can also help the government to promote economic development (Drut, 2015). The government's attitude towards the sharing of special vehicles has changed from the severe crackdown at the beginning of the rise to the gradual standardization and strengthening of supervision, and finally to the legalization of inpidual cars. Car sharing platform for drivers and passengers evaluation mechanism, the dynamic pricing mechanism, mobile payment, etc., will affect the demand side (passenger) and suppliers (driver) optimal matching, to maximize the interests of both parties to achieve, to promote the development of type share a taxi.
In recent years, with the development of the Internet and the popularization of mobile terminals, the proposal and deepening of "Internet +" has gradually penetrated into people's business, life and behavior patterns, and also promoted the persification of transportation modes. Since 2012, when "online ride-hailing" officially developed in China, residents' attitude towards online car-hailing has been stable after more than five years, and this mode of travel has been recognized and accepted by the public. The online ride-hailing operation belongs to the mode of "Internet + sharing economy + sharing transportation". The online car-hailing, represented by private cars, express cars and free rides, is a supplement to urban public transportation. The core operation mode has four characteristics. Second, the information pair is the core to accurately match the travel schedule of passengers and car owners, greatly reducing the empty driving rate and empty driving distance, which is conducive to reducing the occupation of road resources, reducing ineffective exhaust emissions and thereby reducing air pollution. Third, it takes big data as the means to realize full monitoring of the operation process by using the Internet, which is conducive to the supervision and guarantee of service quality. Fourth, it takes the sharing traffic as the mode, and enhances the car load rate and the operation efficiency of the entire traffic system through the two modes of free ride and station carpooling. Therefore, online ride-hailing helps solve urban public transportation problems to a certain extent and makes up for the deficiencies in the existing system. China Internet network information center (CNNIC) released its 40th China Internet network development statistics report in Beijing, which showed that as of December 2017, the number of Chinese online taxi users reached 2. 8.7 billion, an increase of 61.88 million from the end of 2016. 3.6 billion, an increase of 29. 4 percent, user usage rate from 23. 0% raised to 28. 9%. The introduction of new mode of transportation by ride-hailing has alleviated the difficulty of taking a taxi and provided residents with persified and multi-level mode of transportation. However, online ride-hailing is similar to private cars, which is a low-intensive mode of travel with high occupancy of road resources. In the face of the present situation of our road space and other resources are scarce, to the advantage of the network about cars and other modes of transport in order to meet the residents' demand of different travel, and to make it mutual coordination, the reasonable share the trips to give play to the function of the transportation systems, you need to analyse the residents travel mode choice behavior. By investigating the travel mode selection behaviors of different types of residents under various scenarios, and systematically analyzing the influencing factors of different modes selection, this paper provides reference for the decision-making of the government and relevant enterprises, so as to provide more satisfactory transportation service system for residents with different demands......................................................
5.0 Conclusion
At present, the existing research on the choice of the mode of online ride-hailing has paid more attention to the attributes of time and cost, and the convenience and reliability of online car-hailing have been neglected. Based on the web about car development under the background of increasingly mature, with net around the car as the research object, using the model to explore the key factors influencing residents network about car choice intention, and learning and leisure entertainment in commuter pass two scenarios, using the orthogonal design method under different attribute level design mode selection questionnaire, and innovative to join the waiting time uncertainty attributes, using the residents travel mode choice behavior model analysis, and for a variety of key factors for sensitivity analysis of the influence of mode selection. Among them, the convenience of net about car is the shorter waiting time (within 3 min), is expected to reliability embodied in shorter waiting time uncertainties within 3 min (soil), and the attribute of the cruising taxi (plus or minus 3 ￣ + 6 min). The final conclusions of this paper are as follows:
1. The study on the selection intention of online ride-hailing by the model shows that the influence of each latent variable, from large to small, is perceived reliability, perceived cost, perceived convenience, perceived comfort and perceived safety, which indicates that the travelers pay more attention to the timeliness and planability of the travel process when they choose online car-hailing;
2. The choice of online ride-hailing and cruising taxi is elastic in the expected waiting time and driving time, that is, residents pay more attention to the timeliness when choosing these two modes of transportation. At the same time, the increase of the uncertainty of waiting time will lead to the decrease of the selection probability of both, which indicates that people are risk-averse in waiting time. The cruising taxi is elastic in this property. When the uncertain value of the cruising taxi reaches the time when the online ride-hailing water is available, the selection probability of the cruising taxi greatly increases, reaching the selection probability of the current online ride-hailing. Therefore, improving the reliability of traditional cruise taxi is the key to the reform of taxi industry. However, online car booking is flexible in the travel cost, especially in the leisure and entertainment scene, the formulation of reasonable travel rate plays an important role in the travel sharing ratio of online car booking.
Choose the result of the macro performance to inpidual travel for urban transportation structure, the emergence of the web about car has a certain degree of influence on structure of residents, provides residents with a more convenient way to choose, alleviate the "taxi" difficult problem. However, the existing research on residents' car-hailing behavior in different scenes is not sufficient, and there is no consideration on the convenience and reliability of car-hailing. In addition, online ride-hailing has greatly squeezed the traditional taxi industry, making the current taxi industry reform imminent, but its reform direction needs further research. This paper further explore residents choose the key factors about the car, traffic mode choice behavior of different scenarios residents investigation, quantitative comparative evaluation of different transportation waiting time reliability index, mining the sensitivity of the significant properties for transportation choice behavior, is conducive to further understand the intrinsic reasons, the residents way choice orderly development of the network about truck and traditional transportation industry deepening reform has a certain reference significance.
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